Ezinyangeni zamuva nje, ohulumeni abaningana baseSpain bakhethe ukufaka izibani zomgwaqo ezindala esikhundleni sezibani zemigwaqo ngezinhlelo ze-LED ezingqalasizinda zomphakathi ezahlukahlukene. Lo mkhuba, oqhutshwa ukuphishekela ukusetshenziswa kahle kwamandla okukhulu kanye nezindleko zikagesi ezincishisiwe, uye wabonakala kumaphrojekthi asukela ezikoleni kuya emigwaqweni emikhulu. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuthuthukiswa kwesimanje akuyona into engenakuphikiswana, njengoba ucwaningo lwamuva luxwayisa ngemiphumela emibi yokukhanya okumhlophe okupholile emvelweni kanye nokubuka izinkanyezi.
Ubuchwepheshe be-LED sebuyindlela ekhethwayo yokukhanyisa emgwaqweni ngenxa yokusebenzisa amandla aphansi kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside. Amakhansela endawo kanye noMnyango Wezokuthutha basebenzise amaphrojekthi athile ezindaweni ezahlukene zezwe, kanti utshalomali lufinyelela ezigidini. Kodwa ngenkathi izinzuzo zomnotho zigujwa, ososayensi baveza ukuthi kunezinkinga: ukukhishwa kokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kungathinta imvelo kanye nemizila yezinto eziphilayo.
Ukulungiswa okuphelele kokukhanyisa ezikoleni nasezindleleni
UMkhandlu Wedolobha laseValladolid wethule ithenda yokuvuselelwa ngokuphelele kwezibani zangaphakathi ezikoleni ezinhlanu zomphakathi zamabanga aphansi nezezinsana. Ngesabelomali esiyisisekelo esingu-€190.711,78, kuzofakwa izibani ze-LED ezingu-1.894 ukuze zithathe indawo yezibani ezindala ze-fluorescent. Lo msebenzi uhlanganisa nezinhlelo zokulawula ezishintshashintshayo ezilungisa ukukhanya ngokuya ngokuhlalwa kwabantu kanye nokukhanya kwemvelo, okuholela ekongeni amandla engeziwe. Izikole ezizuza kulo msebenzi nguTeresa Iñigo de Toro, Francisco Pino, A. Allué Morer, Francisco de Quevedo, kanye noGabriel y Galán, ngasinye sinendawo ethile kanye nenani elihlukile lezibani.
Okwamanje, i-Avenida del Ejército e-El Puerto de Santa MarÃa isiqalile ukufaka esikhundleni izibani zayo zomgwaqo ngemodeli ye-Basic S Lat , isibani se-LED esincane esenzelwe imigwaqo nezindawo zabahamba ngezinyawo. Lo msebenzi, ocelwe yinhlangano yebhizinisi yendawo, uhlose ukuthuthukisa ukubukeka komgwaqo wezohwebo nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukagesi. Lo msebenzi uhambisana nokugujwa kwe-Noche en Blanco (White Night), umcimbi owenzelwe ukuvuselela indawo. UMeya uGermanán Beardo ugcizelele ukuthi lokhu kuthuthukiswa kuyingxenye yesu lokusekela amabhizinisi endawo nokuhlobisa izindawo zomphakathi.
E-Extremadura, uMnyango Wezokuthutha unikeze inkontileka yokuthuthukisa ukukhanyisa emgwaqweni omkhulu i-A-5 njengoba udlula eBadajoz , kusukela ekuxhumaneni 407 kuya emngceleni wasePortugal. Nge-€589.740, izibani zomusi we-sodium zizothathelwa indawo ubuchwepheshe be-LED, okunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngesigamu. Lo msebenzi, oyingxenye ye-State Road Network Energy Efficiency Strategy, uzophinde uthuthukise ukuphepha komgwaqo futhi uhlinzeke ngokukhanya okuqhubekayo emngceleni nePortugal. UMnyango utshale imali engaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-€140 esifundazweni kusukela ngo-2018.
Uhlangothi olumnyama lokukhanya kwe-LED: ukungcoliswa kokukhanya
Nakuba lezi zinhlelo zikhula, ithimba labacwaningi abavela e-Complutense University of Madrid lenze imephu enesinqumo esiphezulu eveza ukwanda kokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ebusuku ezindaweni zasemaphandleni eSpain. Ucwaningo, olusekelwe kudatha evela kwisathelayithi yaseShayina i-SDGSAT-1, luthi lesi simo sibangelwa ukushintshwa okuqhubekayo kwezibani zasemgwaqweni ze-sodium ngama-LED amhlophe apholile. Isazi sezinkanyezi u-Alejandro Sánchez de Miguel, umqondisi wephrojekthi, uchaza ukuthi leli thuluzi elisha livumela abacwaningi ukuthi bahlukanise izinga lokushisa lombala wokukhanya , okubalulekile ekuhloleni umthelela wako.
Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kusakazeka kalula emkhathini, kwandisa ukukhanya kwesibhakabhaka sasebusuku futhi kuphazamise imigqi yabantu ye-circadian futhi kuthinte izinambuzane nezinyoni . Ososayensi bagcizelela ukuthi ukongiwa kwamandla nokuvikelwa kwesibhakabhaka akuhambisani, kodwa batusa ukukhetha izibani ezinengxenye yokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ephansi. Imephu, eyakhiwa ngokubambisana ne-International Big Data Centre yama-SDG, ngaleyo ndlela iba ithuluzi elibalulekile kubaphathi bomhlaba ukuklama izinqubomgomo zokukhanyisa ezihlala isikhathi eside.
Naphezu kwezixwayiso, ukuthambekela kuma-LED kubonakala kungenakuvinjelwa. Iziphathimandla ziphikisana ngokuthi lezi zibani zidla amandla angaphansi ngo-50% kunalawo angaphambili futhi zinikeza ikhwalithi yokukhanya engcono. Uma kwenzeka ezikoleni zaseValladolid, isibonelo, kuzodingeka ukusebenza kahle okungenani kwama-lumens angu-110 nge-watt kanye nenkomba yokunikeza umbala (CRI) engaphezu kuka-80. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkampani zokufaka kuzodingeka zinikeze izitifiketi zokonga amandla, futhi izibani ezisusiwe zizophinde zisetshenziswe. Konke lokhu kuyingxenye yokuzibophezela ekuthuthukisweni nasekuzinzeni komnotho.
Okokugcina, okuhlangenwe nakho kwe-El Puerto de Santa MarÃa kubonisa ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kokukhanya kwemigwaqo akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kodwa futhi kuqinisa ubunikazi bezindawo zezentengiselwano futhi kuthuthukise umsebenzi wezomnotho . Ngokusho kwemeya, "Yonke intuthuko iwukutshalwa kwezimali kubasebenzi bethu abazisebenzayo kanye nokubuyisela impilo emigwaqweni yethu." Lawa mazwi ahlanganisa umoya wamaphrojekthi afuna ukuvumelanisa intuthuko nomthwalo wemfanelo wezemvelo, inselele ezoqhubeka nokubumba uhlelo lwamadolobha aseSpain eminyakeni ezayo.